Psychometric properties of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ)

Psychometric properties of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ)

Ÿ Original validation study: 

Troyer, A. K., & Rich, J. B. (2002). Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 57, 19-27. doi:10.1093/geronb/57.1.P19.

Ÿ MMQ Materials (Linkable)

1. MMQ MANUAL

2. MMQ FORMS

3. MMQ SCORING KEYS

Ÿ Compare Countries on MMQ

Study/Year	Language	Internal reliability	Test-retest reliability	Content validity	Factorial validity	Construct validity
Troyer et al.(2002)	English	√	√	√	√	√
Fort et al. (2004)	French	√			√	√
van der Werf et al. (2011)	Dutch	√
Riffo et al.(2013)	Chilean	√		√	√	√
Raimo et al. (2016)	Italian	√	√		√	√
Simon et al. (2016)	Brazilian	√	√			√

統整之結論：

MMQ各國心理計量特性之信度(Reliability)方面：

1.    三個次量表之內在一致性(Internal consistency)分別介於：Satisfaction (Contentment): .88- .95; Ability: .87- .93; Strategy: .75- .90

2.    三個次量表之再測信度(Test-retest)分別介於：Satisfaction (Contentment): .80- .95; Ability: .74- .96; Strategy: .75- .97 (間隔時間4週至3個月)

表示其內在一致性及再測信度皆為良好至優良

MMQ各國心理計量特性之效度(Validity)方面：

1.  內容效度(Content validity):專家同意百分比介於70-100%之間

2.  因素效度(Factorial validity):主要分為:Satisfaction (Contentment), Ability, and Strategy三大因素結構，而Strategy又分為external及internal，獨立分為第四個因素結構；使用方法以EFA+PCA居多，原始量表則使用PCA。

3.  建構效度(Construct validity):收斂效度以Memory in Adulthood Questionnaire (MIA)探討其關聯性居多，約介於 .41- .68之間，其關聯程度介於可接受範圍，表示MMQ與MIA之間有相當程度的關聯性；發散效度則以相關認知功能作為探討居多，關聯程度皆低於 .30以下，表示MMQ與認知功能之間所評估到的特質不相關。

批判與問題    (03/08待完成)

1.    Troyer, A. K., & Rich, J. B. (2002). Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 57, 19-27. doi:10.1093/geronb/57.1.P19.

Q1.      (p22)本研究檢驗convergent validity採用effect sizes，但檢驗discriminant validity卻使用calculating correlation coefficients，雖然effect sizes可轉換相關係數，但特別註明的原因為何?

Q2.      (p22)在建構效度的檢驗中，為何要在特別用低記憶表現的個案進行另外的分析?? 且低記憶表現個案之分析人數只有12位適合分析嗎??

Q3.      (manual) SEM計算所使用的信度指標用內在一致性或再測信度皆可嗎?? 還是以什麼為優先較適切?

***(manual) SEM怎麼計算來的?? Troyer使用再測信度的相關係數值~~(以下為自我練習結果，與Manual結果一致)

Q4.      (p23)檢驗量表分數是否符合常態，結果顯示只有單次量表有峰度的問題 ”scores from MMQ-Ability were significantly peaked”，有需要做什麼處理嗎??

2.    Fort, I., Adoul, L., Holl, D., Kaddour, J., & Gana, K. (2004). Psychometric properties of the French version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for adults and the elderly. Canadian Journal on Aging, 23, 347-357. doi:10.1353/cja.2005.0020

Q1. (p350) MMQ和GDS為什麼是正相關???憂鬱程度越高-->對記憶越滿意??

Q2. (p351)主成分分析法之轉軸方式選擇皆為最大變異法varimax rotation，但varimax rotation是假設因素與因素之間沒有相關??

“A principal component analysis, followed by a varimax rotation, was then performed.”

Q3. (p354) “Note that Troyer and Rich(2002) did not report any significant correlations between age and the MMQ dimensions in their English-speaking sample.” 但查證原始英文版有分析age與MMQ之相關性(詳見原始量表P22)

3.    van der Werf, S. P., & Vos, S. H. (2011). Memory worries and self-reported daily forgetfulness: A psychometric evaluation of the Dutch translation of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 25, 244-268. doi:10.1080/13854046.2010.543290

Q1. (p.249)文中”The third and fourth factors were somewhat ambiguous and reflected mostly a mix of MMQ-strategy items.” 所謂的”ambiguous”沒有特別去說明，因若前段已說明各因素之eigenvalues值大於1，卻考量原版之三因素而強制合併，是否合理?

Q2.  另外，若要將策略進一步區分成內外在，需要有怎樣有依據去做切割? (理論基礎?)

Q3.  因素結構分析時，將正常樣本(716)與神經疾患者(299)合併去分析，這樣是否恰當?? 因為族群特性不同??

Q4.  在考量因素切割時，eigenvalues值大於1或screeplot data擇一即可?

Q5.  (p.250)圖一中的MMQ_E12及MMQ_S2 在因素結構分析中落到非原先因素?

Q6.  (p252-253)對於常模建立的段落不太了解(如percentile rank百分等級建立方式??)

4.    Riffo, B., Reyes, F., & Véliz de Vos, M. (2013). Psychometric properties of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire in Chilean adult population. Terapia Psichológica, 31, 227-237.

5.    Raimo, S., Trojano, L., Siciliano, M., Cuoco, S., D’Oorio, Santangelo, F., . . . Santangelo, G. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for adults and the elderly. Neurological Sciences, 37, 681-691. doi:10.1007/s10072-016-2562-5

6.    Simon, S. S., Ávila, R. T., Vieira, G., & Bottino, C. M. C. (2016). Metamemory and aging: Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for elderly. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 10, 113-126. doi:10.1590/s1980-5764-2016dn1002007 

Reference:

1.    Troyer, A. K., & Rich, J. B. (2002). Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 57, 19-27. doi:10.1093/geronb/57.1.P19.

2.    Fort, I., Adoul, L., Holl, D., Kaddour, J., & Gana, K. (2004). Psychometric properties of the French version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for adults and the elderly. Canadian Journal on Aging, 23, 347-357. doi:10.1353/cja.2005.0020

3.    van der Werf, S. P., & Vos, S. H. (2011). Memory worries and self-reported daily forgetfulness: A psychometric evaluation of the Dutch translation of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 25, 244-268. doi:10.1080/13854046.2010.543290 (no find full-text)

4.    Riffo, B., Reyes, F., & Véliz de Vos, M. (2013). Psychometric properties of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire in Chilean adult population. Terapia Psichológica, 31, 227-237.

5.    Raimo, S., Trojano, L., Siciliano, M., Cuoco, S., D’Oorio, Santangelo, F., . . . Santangelo, G. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for adults and the elderly. Neurological Sciences, 37, 681-691. doi:10.1007/s10072-016-2562-5

6.    Simon, S. S., Ávila, R. T., Vieira, G., & Bottino, C. M. C. (2016). Metamemory and aging: Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for elderly. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 10, 113-126. doi:10.1590/s1980-5764-2016dn1002007

Website:
 https://www.baycrest.org/Baycrest/Healthcare-Programs-Services/Clinical-Services/Neuropsychology-Cognitive-Health/Clinical-Tools/Multifactorial-Memory-Questionnaire
http://allie.dbcls.jp/pubmed/MMQ;Multifactorial+Memory+Questionnaire.html